The finest processes contact synapses, blood vessels and other glia where they mediate multiple supportive, active and homeostatic roles ( Khakh and Sofroniew, 2015). Astrocytes are morphologically complex cells with thousands of processes that create characteristically “bushy” territories. We thus report core astrocyte properties, reveal evidence for specialized astrocytes within neural circuits and provide new, integrated database resources and approaches to explore astrocyte diversity and function throughout the adult brain.Īstrocytes exist throughout the brain and tile the nervous system. Unbiased evaluation of actively translated RNA and proteomic data confirmed significant astrocyte diversity between hippocampal and striatal circuits. We found significant differences between striatal and hippocampal astrocytes in electrophysiological properties, Ca 2+ signaling, morphology and astrocyte-synapse proximity.
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Here, we used multiple, integrated approaches including RNA-Seq, mass spectrometry, electrophysiology, immunohistochemistry, serial block-face scanning electron microscopy, morphological reconstructions, pharmacogenetics, as well as diffusible dye, calcium and glutamate imaging, to directly compare adult striatal and hippocampal astrocytes under identical conditions. However, this view has not been fully tested and the possibility that astrocytes are neural circuit-specialized remains largely unexplored. Astrocytes are ubiquitous in the brain and are widely held to be largely identical.
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